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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.biosparked.com/scientific-advancements/a-new-machine-learning-algorithm-for-fungal-classification</loc>
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    <lastmod>2024-08-09</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - A New Machine Learning Algorithm for Fungal Classification - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>This elaborate mycelium belongs to the bridal veil stinkhorn. This fungus along with others in the stinkhorn family are well known for sticky secretions and a foul smell that serves to attract insects. Image credit: Wan Hailun.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/48f291a9-84d1-40f5-a210-b45f1a8c4be4/Model_score_comparison.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - A New Machine Learning Algorithm for Fungal Classification - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Figure 7 in the publication showing how HiTaC compared to numerous other machine learning models based on F1-scores. HiTaC’s scores were comparable to some of the best models currently used in research. Image credit: (Miranda et al., 2024).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/a204d8b5-8bbb-4bc9-939a-774a249aedff/turkey-tail.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - A New Machine Learning Algorithm for Fungal Classification - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Turkey tail fungi are commonly found colonizing fallen trees in woodlands across the globe. The hardened, fanlike structures of these fungi contain spores, which are released from the underside to produce new mycelia. Image credit: Kristen Bradley.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/316d9f1f-e072-4aa5-9a37-307083a0b472/16+S+rRna+.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - A New Machine Learning Algorithm for Fungal Classification - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>A simplified diagram of the genetic sequence coding for 16 S rRNA. The conserved regions are colored in blue while the hypervariable regions are colored in red. The presence of hypervariable regions interspersed among slowly mutating conserved regions makes 16S rRNA ideal for bacterial classification. Image credit: (Lourenco &amp; Welch, 2022).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/5c37d869-80a3-4b81-8c8f-003be01f1520/Fungus+under+microscope.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - A New Machine Learning Algorithm for Fungal Classification - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Some microscopic fungi show distinctive structures known as hyphae when they are viewed under a scanning electron microscope. Many others are more difficult to classify based on physical appearance alone. Image credit: (Yuping et al., 2015).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/270981fd-fe84-4639-b941-3d582a1ee28a/ML+steps+graphic.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - A New Machine Learning Algorithm for Fungal Classification - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>A highly detailed chart that breaks down the steps taken by the machine learning algorithm when analyzing the genetic data. Image credit: (Miranda et al., 2024).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/83ce1f7c-16fd-4456-9132-a66fc401430f/fungal_cells.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - A New Machine Learning Algorithm for Fungal Classification - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>A view of fungal cells under an optical microscope. The chitin cell wall can be seen along the circumference of the cells. Image credit: Kayla Fratt.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.biosparked.com/scientific-advancements/pressures-on-proteins-comparative-genomics-reveals-the-evolution-of-the-rem2-gene</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-07-15</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/ba780c8a-a65e-4f81-9589-a496292e1b2c/Directional+Selection.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Pressures on Proteins: Comparative Genomics Reveals the Evolution of the Rem2 Gene - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Both variants of directional selection can be represented as graphs. Each peak is located at the size of the average individual in the population. Positive selection is shown in red and negative selection is shown in blue. Graphs created with Desmos.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/4f1af862-08b5-4288-a7d1-96e6d5c3cb88/Ion_channel.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Pressures on Proteins: Comparative Genomics Reveals the Evolution of the Rem2 Gene - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Ion channels are typically protein complexes that span the width of the plasma membrane and allow compounds in and out of the cell. Ion channels are essential to maintaining chemical balances within the cell. Image credit: (Kabra &amp; Pattnaik, 2020)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/a34438e6-2e86-4c16-9e65-6371482f3db7/fox.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Pressures on Proteins: Comparative Genomics Reveals the Evolution of the Rem2 Gene - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>A fox with a darker coat might be less likely to survive in an environment with high rates of snowfall. Image credit: Michele Theall.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/6bf6dc10-4942-497c-8969-7f57a3f7f983/Lucoci+Rem2+proteins.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Pressures on Proteins: Comparative Genomics Reveals the Evolution of the Rem2 Gene - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Digital models of the structure of the Rem2 protein in humans (Homo sapiens), the house mouse (Mus musculus), and the greater mouse-eared bat (Myotis myotis). The proteins have been superimposed in the rightmost image to reveal the similarity of the Rem2 protein in distantly related mammals. Image credit: (Lucoci et al., 2024).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/601b43eb-3377-4b59-b8d6-880c99d2f8a2/keratin.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Pressures on Proteins: Comparative Genomics Reveals the Evolution of the Rem2 Gene - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>The molecular structure of keratin, a protein found in the hair and nails of mammals. With its specialized shape, keratin is able to act as a resistant structural protein. Image credit: (Gaurav et al., 2018).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/8acb8901-d266-441d-b16c-be8195812a2a/Epigenetic.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Pressures on Proteins: Comparative Genomics Reveals the Evolution of the Rem2 Gene - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>A diagram of DNA wrapped around histones transitioning from a loosely coiled mass to a highly condensed chromosome. This process, which is a natural part of cell division, can also be caused by epigenetic factors. The condensation of DNA can make certain genes inaccessible and prevent the production of associated proteins. Image credit: David O. Morgan.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/a63f85c9-ad95-4221-be84-66eb8c28050b/diversifying+selection.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Pressures on Proteins: Comparative Genomics Reveals the Evolution of the Rem2 Gene - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Diversifying selection is represented by a bimodal distribution as both extremes of a trait are most common in the population.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/c2de3d56-da1d-4fe2-8e5e-4dcc32d0f198/purifying+selection.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Pressures on Proteins: Comparative Genomics Reveals the Evolution of the Rem2 Gene - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Stabilizing selection, modeled by a single peak centered about the moderate variant of a trait, favors foxes of a middling size. Graph created using Desmos.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.biosparked.com/scientific-advancements/blog-post-title-four-n7lym-qby7l</loc>
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    <lastmod>2024-08-20</lastmod>
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    <loc>https://www.biosparked.com/scientific-advancements/april-2024</loc>
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    <lastmod>2024-08-20</lastmod>
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    <lastmod>2024-08-20</lastmod>
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    <lastmod>2024-08-20</lastmod>
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    <lastmod>2024-08-20</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.biosparked.com/scientific-advancements/december-2023</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-08-20</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.biosparked.com/scientific-advancements/november-2023</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-08-20</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.biosparked.com/scientific-advancements/october-2023</loc>
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    <lastmod>2024-08-20</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.biosparked.com/scientific-advancements/september-2023</loc>
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    <lastmod>2024-08-20</lastmod>
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    <lastmod>2024-08-20</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.biosparked.com/scientific-advancements/july-2023</loc>
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    <lastmod>2024-08-20</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.biosparked.com/scientific-advancements/june-2023</loc>
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    <lastmod>2024-08-20</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.biosparked.com/scientific-advancements/insights-into-evolution-machine-learning-reveals-clues-to-our-complex-ancestry</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-07-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/c08577a9-6106-4576-adf6-a5beb0a72aa5/DNA-structure-and-bases.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Insights into Evolution: Machine Learning Reveals Clues to our Complex Ancestry - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>A schematic of the basic structure of a DNA molecule. Image credit: Talking Glossary of Genetics.</image:caption>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/15e9d794-2025-4fbb-b202-f5abcd318a18/translation.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Insights into Evolution: Machine Learning Reveals Clues to our Complex Ancestry - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>The transcription and translation process shown in a complete diagram. At the bottom half of the diagram the ribosome can be seen with a growing polypeptide exiting the large subunit. Image credit: Nature Education.</image:caption>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/a2042c9f-d943-407c-83cc-b55692d45042/Neanderthal.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Insights into Evolution: Machine Learning Reveals Clues to our Complex Ancestry - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>An artist’s reconstruction of a Neanderthal equipped with a stone tool. Image credit: Chuang Zhao</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/6992aff4-dd50-4346-a52e-8277f5d5bfcd/RNA+splicing.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Insights into Evolution: Machine Learning Reveals Clues to our Complex Ancestry - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>A schematic showing the basic process of RNA splicing. Image credit: GEP Flickr.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/6d6bb739-0120-498e-9392-0b4da9e2eeb7/phlyoP+boxplot.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Insights into Evolution: Machine Learning Reveals Clues to our Complex Ancestry - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>A boxplot comparing the phyloP scores (a measure of genetic changes over time) of three types of SAVs identified along with non-SAV sequences. Image credit: Brand et al., 2023.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/069b2362-3936-49d9-b9ef-c06f5a289b88/transcription.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Insights into Evolution: Machine Learning Reveals Clues to our Complex Ancestry - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>A diagram of the transcription process in which RNA is synthesized from DNA. Enzymes unravel a segment of DNA to create a transcription bubbles as shown, and the second enzymatic complex (RNA polymerase) synthesizes mRNA (the RNA transcript). The U represents uracil, a nucleotide base that replaces thymine in RNA. Image credit: Adobe stock photos.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.biosparked.com/scientific-advancements/preventing-pandemics-a-closer-look-at-potentially-threatening-animal-borne-diseases</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-07-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/c9bdae24-542f-4e8b-9f80-abdacec75a3e/translation.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Preventing Pandemics: A Closer Look at Potentially Threatening Animal-Borne Diseases - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Translation (as depicted above) relies on transfer RNA molecules that bring the appropriate amino acids based on 3-nucleotide codons. A point mutation often changes the amino acid that is brought and incorporated into the polypeptide. Image credit: Nature Education.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/e27638a0-fee5-4bcd-9b91-5610730a6be5/FrameShift+Mutation.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Preventing Pandemics: A Closer Look at Potentially Threatening Animal-Borne Diseases - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>A frameshift mutation visualized as a continuous DNA sequence and broken into codons. Image created using Biorender.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/9b720dfe-f7e2-4f95-bc2c-b2b0027c3461/DNA-replication-optimized.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Preventing Pandemics: A Closer Look at Potentially Threatening Animal-Borne Diseases - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>DNA replication is the complex process in which one strand of DNA gives rise to two identical strands - or does it? DNA replication typically does lead to two identical strands, but errors in DNA replication are one source of mutations. Image credit: Alicia Cotoia.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/767f4e81-2fe2-4252-9e58-eb35fd701643/protein_structure.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Preventing Pandemics: A Closer Look at Potentially Threatening Animal-Borne Diseases - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Proteins are complex assemblages of polypeptides with various levels of structure. Mutations can alter the structure and function of proteins. Image credit: Scott Camazine.</image:caption>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/14437cdf-9e7a-4f65-9338-fc8bc5a18e00/Cui+cladogram.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Preventing Pandemics: A Closer Look at Potentially Threatening Animal-Borne Diseases - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Figure 5b of Cui et al. (2023) depicting a phylogenetic tree of the viral family Paramyxoviridae.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/e52b62fd-712c-4093-a047-4e24593b78c2/Horseshoe-bat.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Preventing Pandemics: A Closer Look at Potentially Threatening Animal-Borne Diseases - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Horseshoe bats (above) have been identified as carriers of coronaviruses that have the potential to become infectious to humans. Some have postulated that SARS-COV-2 may have originated from a bat species. Image credit: Frank Greenaway.</image:caption>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/aa135ec7-aa06-4d2f-bd20-256127ce868e/pangolin.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Preventing Pandemics: A Closer Look at Potentially Threatening Animal-Borne Diseases - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Pangolins have been identified as carriers of various diseases that may be transferable to humans. Image credit: iStock.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.biosparked.com/scientific-advancements/clues-to-cancer-predicting-colorectal-cancer-through-oxidative-stress</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-07-03</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/e22151a3-934b-4053-9558-8443cb3ab058/apoptosis.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Clues to Cancer: Predicting Colorectal Cancer Through Oxidative Stress - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>A diagram detailing the process of apoptosis. High levels of oxidative stress can impair a cell’s ability to perform basic metabolic functions, leading to apoptosis. Image credit: National Human Genome Research Institute.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/6922a686-62b8-4992-bfe0-44f19193126e/Chen+boxplot.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Clues to Cancer: Predicting Colorectal Cancer Through Oxidative Stress - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>A boxplot showing the distribution of tumor mutation burden (number of mutations per hundred base pairs of DNA in cancer cells) for low risk and high risk patients. Image credit: (Chen &amp; Wei, 2023).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6647bc68f0e6a64aaa2cc8d9/27915df2-576f-49b1-934c-797da9812167/tumor_cells-2022-05.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Clues to Cancer: Predicting Colorectal Cancer Through Oxidative Stress - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>A microscope image of malignant tumor cells. The irregular shape of the cells is characteristic of cancerous bodies. Image credit: Beckman Coulter.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Clues to Cancer: Predicting Colorectal Cancer Through Oxidative Stress - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>A complex diagram showing the different proteins involved in the electron transport chain. The bottom of Complex V shows the processes where water - and free radicals - are generated. Image credit: (Korla &amp; Mishra, 2013).</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>A Lewis structure of superoxide, a common free radical produced within cells. Superoxide is negatively charged, which, paired with the high electronegativity of oxygen, makes it highly reactive.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Scientific Advancements - Clues to Cancer: Predicting Colorectal Cancer Through Oxidative Stress - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>A simplified diagram of the enzymatic complex ATP synthase. When H+ ions flow through the complex, they power a mechanical motion that produces energy used for ATP synthesis. Image credit: Max Planck Institute of Biophysics.</image:caption>
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